Moon Fake

 ...  ...
.. ..

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 4

   (The Nature of God )

4.2    (The fear of Materialists)

      
      
,        
    .

    . ,  
 .     . 
     . 
   . ,   .

     .

     (Arthur Koestler)*1* 
    .

"       
." Materialism can no longer claim to be a scientific philosophy.

      
     .

 ,   . ,    .      .

 ,            .

 ,      
 .  ,                    .

 ,     (Andrei Linde, Professor of Cosmology)*2*   .

,    ,         . ,           ?  ( )    ?

In its standard form, the big bang theory assumes that all parts of the universe began expanding simultaneously. But how could all the different parts of the universe synchronize the beginning of their expansion? Who gave the command?

       .       .   .

       (Antony Flew)*3*

,     . ,         . ,       ,     ,     . ,   ,    
 .              .      "",           .

Notoriously, confession is good for the soul. I will therefore begin by confessing that the Stratonician atheist has to be embarrassed by the contemporary cosmological consensus. For it seems that the cosmologists are providing a scientific proof of what St. Thomas contended could not be proved philosophically; namely, that the universe had a beginning. So long as the universe can be comfortably thought of as being not only without end but also beginning, it remains easy to urge that its brute existence, and whatever are found to be its most fundamental features, should be accepted as the explanatory ultimates. Although I believe that it remains still correct, it certainly is neither easy nor comfortable to maintain this position in the face of the Big Bang story.

      Fred Hoyle .       . ,    (Steady State theory). ,        ,    .    Dennis Sciama  .

 Dennis Sciama   .*4*

    ,            .      . ,      . ,       ,        .      , Fred Hoyle      . ,    ,       . ,      ,        .      .

There was at that time a somewhat acrimonious debate between some of the proponents of the steady state theory and observers who were testing it and, I think, hoping to disprove it. I played a very minor part at that time because I was a supporter of the steady state theory, not in the sense that I believed that it had to be true, but in that I found it so attractive I wanted it to be true. When hostile observational evidence became to come in, Fred Hoyle took a leading part in trying to counter this evidence, and I played a small part at the side, also making suggestions as to how the hostile evidence could be answered. But as that evidence piled up, it became more and more evident that the game was up, and that one had to abandon the steady state theory.

             . ,   ,       .   . ,           !

  George Politzer   .*5*

  . ,     . ,      .   , ,     
   . ,       .     .

The universe was not a created object, if it were, then it would have to be created
instantaneously by God and brought into existence from nothing. To admit creation, one has to admit, in the first place, the existence of a moment when the universe did not exist, and that something came out of nothingness. This is something to which science can not accede

,       .   ?

,      .   ,    .

       .     .

  

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1 Arthur Koestler, Janus: A Summing Up, New York: Vintage Books, 1978, p. 250.
2 Andrei Linde, "The Self-Reproducing Inflationary Universe", Scientific American, vol. 271, 1994, p. 48
3 Henry Margenau, Roy Abraham Vargesse. Cosmos, Bios, Theos. La Salle IL: Open Court Publishing,
1992, p. 241
4 Stephen Hawking, A Brief History of Time: A Reader's Companion, 1993, p. 63
5 George Politzer, Principes Fondamentaux de Philosophie, Editions Sociales, Paris 1954 ,p. 84